Silo and the like



My 239 m5 w. NNING HAL 2mm SILO AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 3, 1932 4Sheets-Sheet l @337 23, E35 J. w. DENNHNG ET AL 6 W i n of Wayne Denninyci'ose h 971; niny QM? 23, 135 J. w. DENNING ET AL SILO AND THE LIKEFiled Aug. 3, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 v all/14AM:

1935 J. w. DENNBNG Er AL ,SILO AND THE LIKE W Filed Aug. 5, 1932 4Sheets-Sheet 4 l0 1 Wayne @e/mi i? @Z' w 7 a f y.

Patented July 23, 1935 1 aoossssei-w sino AND j "LIKE J. WayneyDenningsand J o'seph Ma Denninys.

Joliet,lll.

The-present invention has-to do with improvements-in silos and the like.The silo construction herein'disclosed is distinctive in the sense thatit is made up from sections of wood staves =and One of the" objects ofthe inventionis .,to provide a si1oconstruction 51IWViIe on similar.material.

whichis made in: sections which canbeset on to'p'of each other so as tobuild-up the structure to the desired height. Each ofthese sections islOHsselfi-contained and-is formed of a strip or length of--:specia1ly:woven "stave material sothat when k and whichis also provided withaninteriorlining bent around-into circulariorm; the staves threof comesubstantially together into a tight silo constructiom tureinwhichthe-stavesare set or woven-so close-together edge to edge thatwhen thesstripf or section is bent into circular form, theedges 20s ofv'the :con'secutive 1 staves approach each other more closely. Inthisconnection it is-an objectto provide -longitudinal :astrand wires which.lie

against the outer-surf aces ofthe stavesand take practically the; entiretension force. to v which the materi'al is :subj ected said-wires beingrelatively. heavy andzapassing straight across from stave tost-ave,-"together, with-tie wires oflighten material whichare 'extendedaround thez-other faces of 1; the staves and are connected tothelongitudinally 0 extending-xhe'avier wires icy-twisting operations.

i Aiurther object of the invention relatestoth'e 1 provision of arnewand; improved connecting device atathe ends: of the stave structure,which connecting::device is so--arranged that the two Anothenfeature ofthe inventionre1ates=tothe provision-0f a new and improved means forconnecting the top and-bottom edges, otthciconsec 459'? utive silosections, together so as to erect the'sectional structureto'the desiredheight. This connecting imeans comprises-"a serie's'of- Z-lhaped clipswhich'can be'hooked-over the top edge por ,,t1on of one silo section andthus establish -upwardly'iacing sockets to receive and-support the loweredge portion of the next'hi'gher siloSection. By means of this simpleexpedient, the silo can be erected to the desired heightwith very 55little work andsimple operations; and conversely,

In connection=with-the foregoing, itis an ob jectf of the invention toprovide-a stave-strum aslthe silo is emptied, the'lisections maybe successiv'elyltake'n downand stored away.

Another object, of the" invention is to provide"- a sectionalized' siloof such anature'fthat the difirent sections can be readily packed andeither stored or. shipped inlpackagesoffverysmall and? convenient sizeFurthermore;'these' sectionsare relatively'llightfs'o thatithy 'canbe'easily handled and" transported or erected. v I

rum-er object of the .inven'tionfis'to.provide a. .5110" structureembodyingithe above features of "special paper whichserves to establisha tight structure and at thesametimenot'addiapprecb ablylto the weightor cost'ofthe siloz Other, objects and us'esfj'of the invention willappear .from .a detailed descriptionpf the same,

whichfi consists gtherreatures "of'construction and combinations -of'partshereinafter described and claimed" Figure lshows'a perspectiveview of the exterior :ofa silo" embodyingthe'ieatures ofthe present,inventionf and wl ii'ch' silo isbuilt to the height offfo'ur sections;

Figure} shows ,a' perspectiveyiew" ofone of" the clips orco'nnecto'r'sby whicli'the consecutive silo'sections are erectedj and supportedjinplace;

Figure 3 shows'a-detailedfac'eviewpf the end portions of a section ofthe" fabric, together with p the connecting devicelbyymea'ns of whichtheyare' joined, together;

' Figure 4 shows'ja detailedjfragm'entary"section" through the'connector'lakenisubstantially on the line's- 4 of- Figure73,'lookinginthe direction of the arrows; p V

Figure ,5 shows a fragmentary perspective .view of 'a portion of thefabric twisted around into circular 'fo'rrn; I v

Figure {6 shows'a fragmentary longitudinal sectionthro'ughaportionpffabric as the same is'orig'inally woven *in useiorm'and before'being 'bentjintoflthecurved' or circular'form;

Figure" '7 showsfa view'sirnilar to Fi'gurefi, with the exception that"the: fabr'icrhas beenbent around into'curved form? I Figure" 8 "shows"a fragmentary I longitudinal section through a pieceof the lining paperused for'liningtlie interior of the silo;

Figure 9 sho'ws'la fragmentaryface'view of a section of stave materialpr modified construction whichmay beusedin'building up the -silo;

Figure 10 shows a fragmentary section on the 1ine"*'lll l 0 of Figure 9;looking iri--the= directionof the arrows; and l I Figure 11 shows afragmentary top edge view of a portion of silo built up from two stripsof slatting of still another modified form of construction.

Referring first to Figures 5, 6 and 7, in particular, the fabriccomprises a series of staves In, which are set close together edge toedge; and the longitudinally extending tie wires II are placed againstthe outer surfaces of the different staves, there generally beingprovided about five of these longitudinally extending tie wires in theheight of each stave section. The longitudinally extending tie wires IDare relatively heavy and fairly stiff and are strong enough to take thenecessary tension established by the bursting force due to the contentsof the silo.

There are other relatively light tie wires 12, which are placed againstthe inside face of the stave and are then extended across the edges ofthe stave and wrapped around the heavy wires H, first in one directionand then in the other, as clearly shown by examination of Figures 6 and7, in particular. Due to the twisting of the wires [2, around the wiresI l, first in one direction and then in the other, the wire sections [2are alternately staggered above and below each other when the stavesection is stood upright as in Figure 5. Furthermore, the consecutivestaves H! .are placed .just as close together as is possible with thetwists of the wires l2 around the corresponding wires II. This isclearly indicated in Figure 6. Then when the material is bent or twistedinto the curved form of Figure '7, the

. wire sections l2 will lie alternately above and below each other asclearly shown in Figure 7, thus permitting the inner corners of theconsecutive staves to come very close together; In fact, when the fenceis twisted or bent severely, the wires I2 Will slightly imbedthemselves. in the corner of the staves so as to permit said corners toapproach even closer together.

The silo structure is built up from a series of staves sections such asl3, l4, l5, andl6, in Figure 1. Each of these sections comprises asection of the stave material bent around into circular form and withits ends then connected,

or joined together by means of a connector such as 11, the details ofwhich will be explained presently. The consecutive silos sections l3,l4, l5, and I6, are of consecutively, slightly smaller size, equalsubstantially to the thickness of the stave material, as clearly shown"in Figure 1. A series of connectors l8 are provided for supporting theconsecutive silo sections in proper. position. Each of these connectorsI8 is formed of strap metal bent into Z form so as to establish theparallel arms 19, 20, and 2 I, connected together by the cross pieces 22and 23. After the lowermost silo section l3 has been set up and its endsfastened together, a series of the clips or connectors I 8 are set intoplace by hooking.

secutive sections are built up and set into place on top of each otherto the desired height.

The ends of each silo section are joined togetherby the connectors IT inthe manner which I we Will now explain;

For this purpose, the longitudinally extending The.

tie wires l I are carried a few inches past the last stave of thesection and are then twisted into the loops as shown at 24 and 25 inFigure 3. Screws 26 and 21 having the eyelets 28 and 29 are fastened tothe loops 24 and 25 respectively so that said screws 26 and 21 may beused as attaching means.

The connector I! comprises a length of angle bar bent into the form of aloop having the vertical arms 30 and 3|, the top cross piece 32, and thebottom cross piece 33. The tie Wire ends lie beneath the arms 39 and 3|,and the screws 26 and 21 are extended through holes in the outwardlyextending flanges of the vertical arms 30.;and 3|, and nuts 34 and 35are then threaded on to the screws 26 and 2'! and tightened up so as todraw the tie wires ll tight and so as to tighten up the silo section.

When the silo is taken down, each of the sec tions may have its endsdisconnected by removing the nuts 34 and 35 so that the silo section canbe laid out flat andstored within a minimum of space, and the connectorsI1 likewise may be stored within a very small package.

Usually the interiors of the silo sections will be protected and linedwith a heavy paper such as shown in Figure 8, which is a cross sectionthrough some of this paper, greatly exaggerated in thickness. This papercomprises usually three layers 36, 31, and'38, between which are placedthe sisal fibres 39 and 40, the consecutive layers and sisal fibresbeing stuck and firmly adhered together by means of asphaltum, or othersuitable material. Usually the sisal fibres of the layer 39 will extendin one direction, and the sisal fibres of the layer 40 in anotherdirection so that the completed three ply paper is greatly reinforcedand strengthened in all directions by the fibres.

In Figure 7, the paper lining is designated in its entirety by thenumeral 4|.

In the modified construction of Figures 9 and 10, the stave materialcomprises the staves 42 which are placedclose together and are joined tothe longitudinally extending strand wires 43' by means of U-shaped clips44 which are driven,

through the staves and around the strand wires and have their inner endsriveted over as shown in Figure 10. With this type of slatting, thestaves can be placed at exactly the desired spacing from each other sothat when the material is bent around into curved form as in Figure 7,the edges of the staves will close together.

In the further modified construction of Figure 11, there are providedtwo strips of stave material designated 45 and 46 respectively. In eachof these strips, the staves 41 are separated from each other a distanceslightly greater than the width of the stave, and the two sections 45and 46 are so set that their staves compliment each other and the spacesin the one section are occupied by the staves of the other section, etc.Thus the two sections together establish a substantially tight andclosed silo.

It will also be noted that the strand wires 48 of the section 45 arelaid against the inside faces of the staves whereas the strand wires 49of the section 46 are laid against the outside faces of the staves; andit will also be noted that the tie wires 50 for the section 45 aredeflected outwardly around the staves 4! thereof and that the tie wires5! of the section 46 are deflected inwardly around the staves 4'!thereof.

While we have herein shownand described only certain embodiments of thefeatures of our presam se ent invention, sunfweednct nante -11mmourtions located one "above the "other, each section comprising a stripof stave material formed of vertical staves and longitudinally extending"Strand wires, together with tie wires securing the stayesto the'stran'd'wires, the staves of each section being located in close edge"proximity to each other and the strand wires being located against theouter faces of said staves and the tie wires "being carried around'theinner faces of the staves and being twisted around'the strand "wiresintermediate between the "staves and "in consecutively oppositedirections, whereby 'the bending of the stavepmaterial into thecylindrical form of the silo resu'lts in bringing'th'e inner edgeportion of the staves into closer proximity to each other to establish atight,inclosure,ymeans for joining together'the end portions of eachstave section comprising a rectangular locking member formed of anglebar having one of its flanges lying in a planeand its otherflangeprojecting outwardly at right angles to said plane, and placed inproximity to the adjacent end portions of the stave section, threadedbolts connected to the end por- "tions of the strand wires and extendedthrough theopposite flanges of the time member, and-nuts ,onsajidboltsoperating against the flanges of the tie member and serving to place andmaintain the strand wires under tension, the consecutive sections ofthesiloibeingof slightly diminishing size measured in a verticaldirection, and means for connecting the consecutive silo sectionstogether and retaining them in vertical relationship comprising Z-shapedmembers hooked over the upper edge portion of each lower section andserving to support the lower edge portion of each proximate uppersection within the upwardly facing hook portion of such member,substantially as described.

2. A silo comprising a series of cylindrical sections located one abovethe other, each section comprising a strip of stave material formed ofvertical staves and longitudinally extending strand wires, together withtie wires securing the staves to the strand wires, the staves of eachsection being located in close edge proximity to each other and thestrand wires being located against the outer faces of said staves andthe tie wires being carried around the inner faces of the staves andbeing twisted around the strand wires intermediate between the stavesand in consecutively opposite directions, whereby the bending of thestave material into the cylindrical form of the silo results in bringingthe inner edge portions of the staves into closer proximity to eachother to establish a tight inclosure, means for joining together the endportions of each stave section comprising a rectangular locking memberformed of angle bar having one of its flanges lying in a plane and itsother flange projecting outwardly at right angles to said plane, andplaced in proximity to the adjacent end portions of the stave section,threaded'bolts connected to the end po-rtions of the strand wires andextended through the opposite flanges of the tie member, and nuts onsaid bolts operating against the flanges of the tie member and servingto place and maintain the strand wires under tension, the consecutivesections of the silo being of slightly diminishing size measured in avertical direction, and means for -'connectingthe consecutivesilo-sections togather and retaining them in vertical relation- "ship,substantially as described;

A silo-comprising a SBI'lGS Of cylindricallsec- "tions located one abovethe other, each section co mprisi'ng a strip of stave material formed ofvertical staves and longitudinally extending strand wires, togetherwithtie-wires securing the staves to thes trandwires', the staves ofeach section being located in close edge proximity to'ea'ch --otherandthe strand wires being located against "the outer faces of saidstaves and the tie wires being carried around'the'in'ner faces of thestaves and being twisted around the strand wires intermediate betweenthe staves and in consecutively opposite directions, whereby the bendingof the stave material into the cylindrical form of the silo results inbringing the inner edge portions of the staves into closer proximity toeach other to es- I tablish a tight inclosure, *inean's for joiningtogether the end, portions of each stave section, the consecutivesections of the silo being of slight- 'ly diminishing size measured in'avertical direction, and means for connecting the consecutive silosections together and retaining them in yertical' relationshipcomprising Z'-shaped members hooked overthe upper edge portion of-eachlower section and serving to support the lower edge .-=portion of "eachproximate upper seotion within "the upwardly facing hook portion of suchmember, substantially as'described. K

-4.'-A-silo comprising a series of cylindrical sections, located oneabove the other; GaChfSGCtiOII "comprising a strip of stavematerial'forr'ned of vertical staves and longitudinally extending"strandwires, together with tie wires securingthe staves to the strandwires, the staves of each section being located in close edge proximityto each other and the strand wires being located against the outer facesof said staves and the tie wires being carried around the inner faces ofthe staves and being twisted around the strand wires intermediatebetween the staves and in consecutively opposite directions, whereby thebending of the stave material into the cylindrical form of the siloresults in bringing the inner edge portions of the staves into closerproximity to each other to establish a tight inclosure, means forjoining together the end portions of each stave section, the consecutivesections of the silo being of slightly diminishing size measured in avertical direction, and means for connecting the consecutive silosections together and retaining them in vertical relationship,substantially as described.

5. A silo comprising a series of cylindrical sections located one abovethe other, each section comprising a strip of stave material formed ofvertical staves and longitudinally extending strand wires, together withmeans for securing the staves to the strand wires, the staves of eachsection being located in close edge proximity toeach other, whereby thebending of the stave material into the cylindrical form of the siloresults in bringing the inner edge portions of the staves into closerproximity to each other to establish a tight enclosure, means forjoining together the end portions of each slat section, the consecutivesections hook portion of said member, substantially as described.

6. A silo comprising a series of cylindrical sections located one abovethe other, each section comprising a strip of stave material formed ofvertical staves and longitudinally extending strand wires, together withmeans for securing the staves to the strand wires, the staves of eachsection being located in close proximity to each other, whereby thebending of the stave material into the circular form of the silo resultsin bringing the inner edge portions of the staves into closer proximityto each other to establish a tight enclosure, means for joining togetherthe end portions of each stave section, the consecutive sections of thesilo being of slightly diminishing size measured in a verticaldirection, and means for connecting the consecutive silo sectionstogether, substantially as described.

'7. A silo comprising a cylindrical section of stave material formed ofvertical staves and longitudinally extending strand wires, together withtie wires securing the staves to the strand wires, the staves of eachsection being located in close edge proximity to each other, and thestrand wires being located against the outer faces of said staves andthe tie Wires being carried around the inner faces of the staves andbeing twisted around the strand wires intermediate between the stavesand in consecutively opposite directions, whereby the bending of thestave material into the cylindrical form of the silo results in bringingthe inner edge portions of the staves into closer proximity to eachother to establish a tight inclosure, means for joining together the endportions of the stave section comprising a rectangular locking memberformed of angle bar having one of its flanges lying in a plane and itsother flange projecting outwardly at right angles to said plane, andplaced in proximity to the adjacent end portions of the stave section,

, extending strand wires, the staves being located in close edgeproximity to each other, means for joining the staves to the strandwires, whereby the bending of the stave section into the cylindricalform of the silo results in bringing the inner edge portions of thestaves into closer proximity to each other to establish a tightinclosure, means for joining together the end portions of the stavesection comprising a rectangular locking member formed of angle barhaving one of its flanges lying in a. plane and its other flangeprojecting outwardly at right angles to said plane, and placed inproximity to the adjacent end portions of the stave section, threadedbolts connected to the end portions of the strand wires and extendedthrough the opposite flanges of the tie member, and nuts on said boltsoperating against the flanges of the tie member and serving to place andmaintain the strand wires under tension, substantially as described.

J. WAYNE DENNING. JOSEPH DENNING.

